03. Setting Up Hypothesis Tests - Part I

In this video, you learned a few rules for setting up null and alternative hypotheses:

1. The H_0 is true before you collect any data.
   
   
2. The H_0 usually states there is no effect or that two groups are equal.
   
   
3. The H_0 and H_1 are competing, non-overlapping hypotheses.
   
   
4. H_1 is what we would like to prove to be true.
   
   
5. H_0 contains an equal sign of some kind - either =, \leq, or \geq.
   
   
6. H_1 contains the opposition of the null - either \neq, >, or <.

You saw that the statement, "Innocent until proven guilty" is one that suggests the following hypotheses are true:

H_0: Innocent

H_1: Guilty

We can relate this to the idea that "innocent" is true before we collect any data. Then the alternative must be a competing, non-overlapping hypothesis. Hence, the alternative hypothesis is that an individual is guilty.